Node.js

Node.js record

1. Development Environment

Install

# ubuntu
curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_22.x | bash -
apt install -y nodejs

# macOS
brew install node

# Verify
node -v
npm -v

nvm

Node Version Manager. A tool for managing multiple Node.js versions per user.

Install

# Install nvm
curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.1/install.sh | bash

# Add to shell profile (auto-added by installer)
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"

# Verify
nvm --version

Node Version Management

# List available remote versions
nvm ls-remote
nvm ls-remote --lts

# Install a specific version
nvm install 22
nvm install 20.18.0
nvm install --lts                    # latest LTS

# Use a version
nvm use 22
nvm use --lts

# Set default version
nvm alias default 22

# Show current version
nvm current

# List installed versions
nvm ls

# Uninstall a version
nvm uninstall 20.18.0

# Run a command with a specific version (without switching)
nvm exec 20 node app.js
nvm run 20 app.js

# Pin project version (writes .nvmrc)
echo "22" > .nvmrc
nvm use                              # reads .nvmrc

fnm

Fast Node Manager, written in Rust. A faster alternative to nvm with .nvmrc / .node-version support.

Install

# macOS
brew install fnm

# Linux
curl -fsSL https://fnm.vercel.app/install | bash

# Add to shell profile
eval "$(fnm env --use-on-cd)"

Node Version Management

# Install and use
fnm install 22
fnm use 22
fnm default 22

# List versions
fnm ls
fnm ls-remote

# Auto-switch on cd (reads .nvmrc / .node-version)
fnm env --use-on-cd

2. ProjectManage

npm

The default package manager bundled with Node.js. It uses package.json for dependency declaration and package-lock.json for lockfile.

Project Management

# Initialize a new project
npm init
npm init -y                          # skip prompts

# Install dependencies
npm install
npm install express
npm install 'axios@^1.7'
npm install --save-dev jest eslint   # dev dependencies

# Uninstall
npm uninstall express

# Update dependencies
npm update
npm outdated                         # check for outdated packages

# Show dependency tree
npm ls
npm ls --depth=0                     # top-level only

# Run scripts defined in package.json
npm run build
npm run dev
npm test
npm start

# Execute a package binary (npx)
npx create-react-app my-app
npx eslint .
npx --yes degit user/repo my-project

# Global install
npm install -g pm2
npm ls -g --depth=0

Configuration

# Registry
npm config get registry
npm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com

# Cache
npm cache clean --force
npm cache verify

Bun

An all-in-one JavaScript runtime and toolkit. It includes a bundler, test runner, and npm-compatible package manager — all significantly faster than Node.js equivalents.

Install

# Standalone installer (recommend)
curl -fsSL https://bun.sh/install | bash

# macOS
brew install oven-sh/bun/bun

# npm
npm install -g bun

# Upgrade
bun upgrade

Project Management

# Initialize a new project
bun init

# Install dependencies (reads package.json, writes bun.lock)
bun install
bun add express
bun add 'axios@^1.7'
bun add --dev jest eslint            # dev dependencies

# Remove
bun remove express

# Update dependencies
bun update
bun outdated

# Run scripts defined in package.json
bun run build
bun run dev
bun test

# Run a file directly (uses Bun runtime)
bun run app.ts                       # TypeScript supported natively
bun run app.js

# Execute a package binary (like npx)
bunx create-next-app my-app
bunx eslint .

# Build and bundle
bun build ./src/index.ts --outdir ./dist

pnpm

A fast, disk-efficient package manager. It uses a content-addressable store and hard links to save disk space.

Install

# Via corepack (recommend)
corepack enable
corepack prepare pnpm@latest --activate

# Standalone
curl -fsSL https://get.pnpm.io/install.sh | sh

# Via npm
npm install -g pnpm

# Verify
pnpm -v

Project Management

# Initialize a new project
pnpm init

# Install dependencies
pnpm install
pnpm add express
pnpm add 'axios@^1.7'
pnpm add --save-dev jest eslint     # dev dependencies

# Remove
pnpm remove express

# Update dependencies
pnpm update
pnpm outdated

# Run scripts
pnpm run build
pnpm dev
pnpm test

# Execute a package binary
pnpm dlx create-react-app my-app

# Manage the content-addressable store
pnpm store status
pnpm store prune                     # remove unreferenced packages

Reference:

1. Official Website

2. Repository

3. npm

4. nvm

5. fnm

6. Bun

7. pnpm